5. What is the difference between Graffiti
and Street Art?
To identify the
difference between Graffiti and Street Art, I used 4 different dictionaries.
Firstly, I
researched the definition of Graffiti. Webster’s Pocket Dictionary said that it
is “a crudely drawn inscription”, and it is the plural form of “graffito”.
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English said that it is “rude, humorous or
political writing and pictures on the walls of buildings, trains, etc.” Oxford
Dictionaries wrote that it is “Writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or
sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place.” Only Oxford
Dictionaries wrote clearly it is “illicit” which means illegal, but the other
two dictionaries also mentioned they are crude or rude. Also, I can guess that
they are done on the walls of buildings, trains or other surface in a public
place.
Secondly,
I researched the meaning of street art. Urban Dictionary said it is “any art
developed in public spaces - that is, "in the streets" — though the
term usually refers to art of an illicit nature (as opposed to, for instance,
government or community art initiatives). The term can include traditional
graffiti artwork, though it is often used to distinguish modern public-space
artwork from traditional graffiti and the overtones of gang territoriality and
vandalism associated with it.” From this definition, I can surmise that street
art can be illicit, but it is not always vandalism or cruel.
In
my post “Answering Questions Vol1”, I mentioned that Art should basically be
creative, impressive, imaginative or beautiful. From this definition, I think
that it can be said that some graffiti arts, for example the art works by
KAZZROCK or TOMI-E, who I introduced in the last post, can be included in street
arts. Also, art works in Shimokitazawa Ichibangai are street arts because they
are legal. However, there are many other graffiti on the street that is only
writing their names or words on walls. They don’t meet any of the definition of
art. Thus, they cannot be said street art.
6. What kind of legal actions are taken if
you do it without permission in Japan?
They
will be usually charged for Property Damage (Article261 of the Criminal Law) or
the Minor Offenses Act, Clause 33, Article 1. Property Damage is crimes those
destruct or injure other people’s things except for documents, buildings, and
warships and other vessels. Minor Offenses are for example, putting posters on
somebody’s house or structures without any reasons. If you are charged for
Property Damage, you will be sentenced for three years, or fined under three
hundred thousand yen. For Minor Offenses Act you will be detained or have to
pay a fine.
Bibliography
The new international Webster's pocket dictionary of the English language (2012 ed.). (2002). Naples, FL: Trident Press International.
Longman dictionary of contemporary English (5th ed.). (2009). Harlow: Pearson.
Definition of graffiti in English: Retrieved July 06, 2016, from http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/graffiti
Street art. (2013, December 11). Retrieved July 06, 2016, from http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=street art
壁にスプレーで描かれた絵って、かっこいいけど、ただの落書きとはどう違うの!? (2016, January 06). Retrieved July 06, 2016, from http://news.mynavi.jp/news/2016/01/06/382/
汚れを落として描く「グラフィティ」 日本でやったら違法？. (2013). Retrieved July 06, 2016, from http://www.huffingtonpost.jp/2013/12/29/eminem-reverse-graffiti-illegal-_n_4514014.html
Kamata, K. (2015). Daily Roppou: 2016. Tokyo: Sanseido.
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